Hemorrhoids, or piles, are swollen veins in the anus and rectum that can cause pain, discomfort, and rectal bleeding. They can be internal or external and vary in severity.
Risk Factors:
Overweight/obesity
Pregnancy
Low-fiber diet
Chronic constipation or diarrhea
Heavy lifting
Prolonged sitting on the toilet
Straining during bowel movements
Types:
External Hemorrhoids: Swollen veins under the skin around the anus, causing itching, pain, and occasional bleeding. Can clot and cause additional pain.
Internal Hemorrhoids: Swollen veins inside the rectum, often causing bleeding without pain.
Prolapsed Hemorrhoids: Internal or external hemorrhoids that bulge outside the anus, potentially causing pain and bleeding.
Symptoms:
Bleeding during bowel movements (bright red blood)
Lump near or around the anus
Mucus discharge
Feeling of fullness or discomfort
Itchy or sore skin around the anus
Pain after bowel movements
Complications:
Anemia
Blood clots in external hemorrhoids
Infection
Skin tags
Strangulated hemorrhoids (reduced blood flow to prolapsed hemorrhoid)
Prevention:
Avoid sitting too long or straining on the toilet
Respond promptly to bowel urges
Drink plenty of water
Increase fiber intake with fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
